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paper 39

External Actors in Stateless Somalia
A War Economy and its Promoters

by Sabrina Grosse-Kettler

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Creating a war economy
   2.1 War economy in Somalia
   2.2 No authority, but business
   2.3 Historical background
3. Funding a war economy
   3.1 The regular sector
   3.1.1 Bananas
   3.1.2 Charcoal
   3.1.3 Khat
   3.2 The informal sector
   3.2.1 Money transfer
   3.2.2 Currency printing
   3.2.3 Maritime ‘businesses’
   3.3 The criminal sector
   3.3.1 Arms and ammunition
   3.3.2 Waste
4. Conclusion
5. Bibliography