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Results: 361

Bales, M., Heinze, M.-C., & Mutschler, M. (2023). Zooming in on the Yemen War - The Future of Warfare and Human Rights in the Middle East Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung .

Missiles, drones, precision-guided munition, and other military technologies that enable belligerents to attack their enemies from a distance are changing the concepts and practices of warfare. This can best be observed in the conflict-ridden region of the Middle East, particularly in the Yemen... more

Heinemann-Grüder, A. (2023). Dogs of War: Russia's Corporate Warriors in Armed Conflicts: EUISS.

This Brief explores the sphere in which Russia’s state-controlled irregular armed groups operate and the scope of their activities, focusing in particular on the notorious Wagner Group and their impact on violent conflicts. Please find the publication here more

Wilshusen, F. (2023). When the 'War Attitude' persists: How Pro-Government Militias affect Society in the Long Run Bonn: BICC.

Resorting to so-called pro-government militias (PGMs) in the face of severely challenged state forces is a timeless phenomenon in government politics across the globe. However, providing military training and distributing weapons to civilians can represent a security risk—in the short and the long... more

Etzold, B., & Müller-Koné, M. (2023). Boundary-Making in a Contested Space. Food Security and Conflict Dynamics in Marsabit, Kenya Bonn: BICC.

This study reports on the results of a pilot study on food security and conflict dynamics in northern Kenya conducted by BICC in collaboration with Caritas Germany and its Kenyan partners Caritas Marsabit and PACIDA in 2022. The objectives were to identify the interrelationships between food... more

Döring, M. (Ed.). (2023). CoRE-NRW Netzwerktreffen 2022 Bonn: BICC.

Documentation of the annual meeting of CoRE-NRW 2022. more

Şahin-Mencütek, Z. (2023). The Role of Return Preparedness, Assistance and Networks in Returnees’ Reintegration in Origin Countries (Synthesis Report) Bonn: BICC.

Across the destination countries of migration, i.e. migrant-receiving countries, in Europe there has been an increasing emphasis on return and reintegration programmes. These programmes particularly target rejected asylum-seekers forced to return, irregular migrants unable to legalise their stay in... more

Häfner, D., & Farha, J. (2023). Safer Stockpiles: Developing Regional PSSM Instructor Cadres

This paper outlines the approaches of regional organizations and bodies in Africa, in particular the Regional Centre of Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region, Horn of Africa (RECSA) and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and their partners in developing regional... more

Mutschler, M., & Wisotzki, S. (2022). Why the Future German Arms Export Control Act is Going in the Right Direction—But Not Far Enough. Bonn: BICC.

On 13 October 2022, the German Ministry for Economics and Climate published draft key points for a future German Arms Export Control Act (referred to hereafter as ‘the draft’). Establishing such a law is one goal that the government defined in the coalition agreement. The authors of this... more

Kayaoglu, A., Şahin-Mencütek, Z., & Chang, C.-A. (2022). Challenges and Resilience Strategies of Urban Refugee Entrepreneurs, Economic Research Forum, Working Paper No. 1601.

Refugee entrepreneurship is key to promoting self-reliance and resilience among refugees. It ensures a smoother transition from humanitarian to development programs, so it is considered mutually beneficial for the refugees, their hosts, and the overall humanitarian-development aid sector. Its... more

Wilshusen, F. (2022). Today’s solution, tomorrow’s problem? An analysis of West African practices in the use of pro-government militias. Bonn: BICC.

In this Paper, I address the question of whether and under what circumstances the deployment of pro-government militias (PGMs) can reduce violence against civilians, specifically in the Sahel. My analysis— based on a literature review and case studies on Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Mali, Niger, and... more

Döring, M. (Ed.). (2022). CoRE-NRW Netzwerktreffen 2021 Bonn: BICC.

Documentation of the annual meeting of CoRE-NRW 2021. more

Etzold, B., Wagner, M., & Katsiaficas, C. (2022). People First – New Solutions to the Challenge of Displacement: Think7.

More than 82 million people – equal to the population of Germany – are forcibly displaced across the globe. An increasing number of refugees and internally displaced persons are living in long-term situations of vulnerability, dependency, and legal insecurity. This is despite the fact that every... more

von Boemcken, M., Döring, M., Neitzert, A., & Röing, T. (2022). Radikalisierungsprävention in Nordrhein-Westfalen Bonn: BICC.

Over the past few years, public funding from the federal and state government in North Rhine-Westphalia has created an extensive infrastructure spread across many municipalities to prevent people from adopting extremist ideas or joining extremist movements. The project “Preventing radicalisation... more

Christ, S., Isikozlu, E., & Etzold, B. (2022). Following their lead: Transnational connectivity and mobility along family figurations in displacement (TRAFIG practice note no. 10). Bonn: BICC.

Transnational lives are not the exception but rather a reality of displaced peoples’ everyday lives. This became obvious in our research with refugees in Germany, in which we used a figurational approach to better understand their situation and how they overcome protracted displacement. By... more

Christ, S., Etzold, B., Güzelant, G., Puers, M., Steffens, D., Themann, P., & Thiem, M. (2022). Figurations of Displacement in and beyond Germany - Empirical findings and reflections on mobility and translocal connections of refugees living in Germany (TRAFIG working paper no. 10). Bonn: BICC.

TRAFIG working paper no. 10 presents the findings of the empirical research on the role of connectivity and mobility for displaced people in Germany in the framework of the TRAFIG project. The findings are based on qualitative fieldwork in Germany, with 73 qualitative interviews with displaced ... more

Katsiaficas, C., Wagner, M., Pastore, F., Hatziprokopiou, P., Etzold, B., & Kraler, A. (2022). Moving on: How easing mobility restrictions within Europe can help forced migrants rebuild their lives (TRAFIG Policy Brief No. 6) Bonn: BICC.

Free movement within the Schengen area is a cornerstone of European integration – and indeed an essential part of the European way of life. However, this freedom of movement is limited for forcibly displaced people residing within the European Union (EU). European asylum systems are designed to... more

Hatziprokopiou, P., Isikozlu, E., Papatzani, E., & Pastore, F. (2021). Resolving the ‘mobility paradox’: Lessons from southern Europe (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 9) Bonn: BICC.

Protracted displacement exists in the European Union. TRAFIG research shows that many forced migrants in Italy and Greece live on the margins of society without hope for or the prospect of change. Their only way out is to go on the move. Mobility is their strategy to connect to social networks and... more

Wilson, C., Msallam, B., Kabyemela, J., Demirdirek, M., Sanga, J., & Ruhundwa, J. (2021). Figurations of Displacement in and beyond Tanzania: Reflections on protracted displacement and translocal connections of Congolese and Burundian refugees in Dar es Salaam (TRAFIG working paper no. 8). Bonn: BICC.

This working paper investigates the livelihoods, trajectories, networks and self-generated opportunities of vulnerable migrants in refugee-like situations in Dar es Salaam. Its main purpose is to arrive at a deeper understanding of protracted displacement through a ‘figurational approach’,... more

Ruhundwa, J., Msallam, B., Isikozlu, E., & Wilson, C. (2021). Local connections for local solutions: Lessons learned in Tanzania (TRAFIG practice note 8).

Dar es Salaam is Tanzania’s largest city with a population of around 6.7 million people. Amongst them are approximately ten thousand vulnerable migrants who find themselves in refugee-like situations. Most of these vulnerable migrants are forced to live ‘underground’ because they do not have a... more

CoRE-NRW (2021). CoRE-NRW Forschungsbericht 2021 Bonn: BICC.

The research report 2021 of the CoRE-NRW network offers a systematic overview of the existing research landscape on extremism in Northrhine-Westphalia. more

Heinemann-Grüder, A. (2021). Small Arms and Light Weapons Control in the Western Balkans: Lessons from the HALO Trust’s Project in Bosnia-Herzegovina Bonn: BICC.

In the Western Balkans, the diversion of state‐owned Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) and the deficient control over privately held small arms constitutes a source of illicit trafficking of arms into Europe and around the world. The HALO Trust (HALO) has been enhancing the control of SALW in Bosnia... more

Meininghaus, E., & Schlüsing, C. (2021). Translocality in War: Why Does it Matter? London: London School of Economics Middle East Blog.

In their blog post, the authors argue that translocality as a concept allows us to shed new light on a twofold process: how armed groups anchor themselves in and across local communities. This aspect matters for the communities and because understanding the translocal dimension... more

Katsiaficas, C., Wagner, M., Mielke, K., Tobin, S. A., Momani, F. A., Al Yakoub, T., & Javed, M. M. (2021). Outward and upward mobility. How Afghan and Syrian refugees can use mobility to improve their prospects (TRAFIG Policy Brief No. 5) Bonn: BICC.

Jordan and Pakistan are among the countries that host the most refugees worldwide—refugees who come from countries facing protracted conflicts with no end in sight. TRAFIG research at multiple sites in Jordan and urban Pakistan (conducted before the Taliban takeover of... more

CoRE-NRW (2021). Antisemitismus: Perspektiven für die Radikalisierungsforschung Bonn: BICC.

Documentation of the online event "Antisemitismus: Perspektiven für die Radikalisierungsforschung" on 31 August 2021, organised by CoRE-NRW (Connecting Research on Extremism in North Rhine-Westphalia / Netzwerk für Extremismusforschung in Nordrhein-Westfalen). more

Schetter, C., & Trautner, B. (2021). Commentary \ Cooperation with the Taliban? Promoting civil society engagement in Afghanistan Bonn: BICC.

In addition to addressing the extent and cause of the debacle in Afghanistan, the new German Government must urgently consider how to set a new course to prevent further destabilisation of the country. In their commentary, Conrad Schetter (BICC) and Bernhard Trautner (DIE) emphasise that the... more

Mielke, K., Shahid, N., Khatana, A. R., Ahmad, Z., Irshad, A., Kiran, S., Etzold, B., Asghari, S., & Javed, M. M. (2021). Figurations of Displacement in and beyond Pakistan. Empirical findings and reflections on protracted displacement and translocal connections of Afghans (TRAFIG Working Paper No. 7) Bonn: BICC.

Pakistan currently hosts up to three million Afghans, a number that is likely to increase due to the Taliban's recent return to power in Afghanistan. This working paper is based on empirical research on the experience of Afghan displacement in Pakistan from 2019 until early 2021 as part of the... more

Isikozlu, E., Mielke, K., & Javed, M. M. (2021). Now more than ever: Afghans in Pakistan need more mobility and durable solutions to stay (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 7) Bonn: BICC.

The Taliban’s recent seizure of Kabul and overall control of the country has once again led many Afghans to flee their country. With more than 2.67 million Afghans registered as refugees worldwide (as of 2020), and possibly more to come, Afghans are the second-largest refugee population after... more

Katsiaficas, C., & Wagner, M. (2021). Networks and mobility: A case for complementary pathways (TRAFIG policy brief 3). Bonn: BICC.

Complementary pathways have gained much prominence in recent global and European policy discussions as an innovative and new tool to broaden and scale up third-country solutions for refugees. Indeed, the need for ramping up access to durable solutions for refugees is pressing in the face of ever... more

Kemmerling, B., Schetter, C., & Wirkus, L. (2021). Addressing food crises in violent conflicts (Food System Summit Brief April 2021). Bonn: Scientific Group for the Food Systems Summit.

Food insecurity and hunger continue to threaten the lives and livelihoods of millions of people. In the context of the United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021, BICC reseachers Birgit Kemmerling, Conrad Schetter and Lars Wirkus published a briefing paper that looks at the multiple dimensions between... more

Acharya, N., Krötz, M., Przybilla, H., & Wedeniwski, L. (2021). Small Arms & Light Weapons Guide 2021. Bonn: BICC.

Illicit Small Arms, Light Weapons (SALW) and their ammunition pose a serious global threat to the security of individuals, communities, and nation states. This SALW Identification Guide provides specialized agencies, security forces, and actors involved in regulating illegal trafficking of weapons... more

Isikozlu, E., Tufa, F., & Rudolf, M. (2021). Supporting self-reliance for local integration: Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 5) Bonn: BICC.

Many Eritrean refugees who live in camps in Ethiopia have no translocal or transnational connections. This means they have little opportunity to move onward from the camp and resettle elsewhere. However, many of them have strong connections with the host community, and even the most vulnerable... more

Isikozlu, E., Rudolf, M., & Tufa, F. (2021). Supporting self-reliance for local integration: Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 5) Bonn: BICC.

Many Eritrean refugees who live in camps in Ethiopia have no translocal or transnational connections. This means they have little opportunity to move onward from the camp and resettle elsewhere. However, many of them have strong connections with the host community, and even the most vulnerable... more

Isikozlu, E., Tobin, S. A., & Momani, F. A. (2021). Out-of-camp but not out of mind: Supporting Syrian refugees in Jordan’s cities (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 6) Bonn: BICC.

The Syrian displacement crisis is entering its tenth year. Over one million Syrians have settled in Jordan, the majority of whom live in urban and peri-urban areas, others in Zaatari and Azraq refugee camps. A lot of attention has gone to the challenges faced by in-camp refugees, but those based... more

Tobin, S. A., Knudsen, A., Momani, F. A., Al Yakoub, T., & Al Jarrah, R. (2021). Figurations of Displacement in Jordan and beyond: Empirical findings and reflections on protracted displacement and translocal connections of Syrian refugees (TRAFIG working paper 6). Bonn: BICC

This working paper is based on the empirical research on translocal figurations of displacement of Syrians in Jordan. It contains methodological discussions, central findings and reflections on these findings. Drawing on the conceptual framework of the TRAFIG project, this paper explores the... more

Katsiaficas, C., Jacobs, C., & Wagner, M. (2021). ou can Leveraging networks to overcome displacement. Urban internally displaced persons in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (TRAFIG policy brief 2). Bonn: BICC.

In the quest for sustainable solutions to record global displacement, promoting displaced persons’ self-reliance and supporting them alongside host communities in regions of displacement have become buzzwords in global and European policy discussions. But despite such pledges, TRAFIG research in... more

BICC (Ed.). (2020). In focus: Cooperating to enhance small arms control. Bonn: BICC.

To contribute to conflict prevention and peacebuilding, national governments and international organisations are working on improved SALW control around the world. This BICC photo publication gives the readers an insight into the work carried out by BICC and its partner organisations on the African... more

Isikozlu, E., & Jacobs, C. (2020). Bolstering resilient connections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (TRAFIG Practice Note No. 4) Bonn: BICC.

Due to prolonged conflict, millions of people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have fled their homes to seek refuge elsewhere, especially in the east of the country. The majority of these Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) flee to cities and other local communities rather than to... more

Döring, M. (Ed.). (2020). Vorsicht, Ansteckungsgefahr. Stigmatisierung, Vorurteil und Diskriminierung: Der Einfluss der Corona-Krise auf extremistische Radikalisierungsprozesse in Deutschland. Bonn: CoRE-NRW.

The virtual CoRE-NRW workshop "Vorsicht, Ansteckungsgefahr: Stigmatisierung, Vorurteil und Diskriminierung - Der Einfluss der Corona-Krise auf extremistische Radikalisierungsprozesse in Deutschland“ on 17 June 2020 focused on the possible interfaces between the pandemic state of emergency and... more

Virchow, F., & Häusler, A. (2020). Pandemie-Leugnung und extreme Rechte in Nordrhein-Westfalen Bonn: BICC.

Week after week, Corona deniers take to the streets nationwide. Based on an extensive data collection, the CoRE-NRW Kurzgutachten 3 gives an overview of the protests in North Rhine-Westphalia and its administrative districts. The authors Fabian Virchow and Alexander Häusler, FORENA, University of... more

Jacobs, C., Assumani, I., Katembera, R., Lubala Kubiha, S., Milabyo Kyamusugulwa, P., & Ruhamya Mugenzi, J. (2020). Figurations of Displacement in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Empirical findings and reflections on protracted displacement and translocal connections of Congolese IDPs (TRAFIG working paper 4). Bonn: BICC.

This working paper is based on empirical research on translocal figurations of displacement in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It contains methodological reflections, central findings, and reflections on these findings. Drawing on the conceptual framework that was developed in... more

CoRE-NRW (2020). CoRE-NRW Forschungsbericht 2020 Bonn: CoRE-NRW.

The NRW Office for the Protection of the Constitution estimates that there are more than 4,000 right-wing extremists, almost half of whom are prepared to use violence, and the number is rising. Violent Islamism continues to pose a threat. This makes it all the more important to conduct research... more

Heinemann-Grüder, A. (2020). Assessment of the HALO Trust marking and registration of small arms and light weapons project in Bosnia-Herzegovina 2017-2019. Bonn: BICC.

In the Western Balkans, the diversion of state­owned small arms and light weapons (SALW), and limited control over privately held SALW, are a main source of illicit arms trafficking. The HALO Trust has contributed to improving the control of SALW in Bosnia­Herzegovina (BiH) since 2017, when HALO... more

Isikozlu, E., Mielke, K., & Javed, M. M. (2020). Now more than ever: Afghans in Pakistan need more mobility and durable solutions to stay (TRAFIG practice note 7). Bonn: BICC.

The Taliban’s recent seizure of Kabul and overall control of the country has once again led many Afghans to flee their country. With more than 2.67 million Afghans registered as refugees worldwide (as of 2020), and possibly more to come, Afghans are the second-largest refugee population after... more

Mockaitis, T. (2020). Commentary \ Policing, pandemic and the American racial divide. Bonn: BICC.

Over the past month the United States has experienced the greatest civil unrest since 1968. Demonstrations have occurred in more in 1700 towns and cities in all 50 states. Outrage over the killing of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer, caught on video, drew people into the streets to... more

Wisotzki, S., & Mutschler, M. (2020). Commentary \ The Libyan civil war: Shining a spotlight on a problematic arms export policy. Bonn: BICC.

The German government always emphasises its "restrictive arms export policy". However, the states in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) are among the biggest customers of German arms producers. In their comments, Max Mutschler (BICC) and Simone Wisotzki (HSFK) criticise in... more

Wulf, H. (2020). Commentary \ Exhausts to respirators? Experiences in the conversion of production sites help to avoid misleading simplifications Bonn: BICC.

In the coronavirus crisis, bottlenecks in urgently needed protective equipment are leading to the perception that the conversion of production sites is a “quick and pragmatic” solution. In his commentary, Professor Herbert Wulf, founding director of the peace and conflict research institute BICC... more

Etzold, B., Pastore, F., Roman, E., Hatziprokopiou, P., Papatzani, E., & Kraler, A. (2020). Kommentar \ EU am Scheideweg: „Europa vor Flüchtlingen abschirmen“ oder „Geflüchtete schützen“? Bonn: BICC.

In light of the coronavirus-crisis, European refugee policy is currently receding into the background.  But the situation of refugees at the EU's external borders, on the islands of the Aegean Sea and elsewhere on the periphery of Europe is deteriorating rapidly, aggravated by the global... more

Heinemann-Grüder, A., & Wiggen, J. (2020). Subversion im Cyberraum: Sicherheit, Freiheit und Resilienz gegen Angriffe im Netz (ifa-Edition Kultur und Außenpolitik). Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa).

The technical possibilities of the cyber world have opened up completely new potentials for influencing political preferences in other countries. The formation of opinion in open societies is increasingly influenced by subversive measures of authoritarian regimes on the Internet, which severely... more

Ferreira, N., Jacobs, C., Kea, P., Noack, M., Hendow, M., Wagner, M., Tufa, F., Alodat, A., Ayalew, T., Etzold, B., Fogli, C., Goumenos, T., Hatziprokopiou, P., Javed, M. M., Kamanga, K., Kraler, A., Momani, F. A., & Roman, E. (2020). Governing protracted displacement: An analysis across global, regional and domestic contexts (TRAFIG working paper 3). Bonn: BICC.

This working paper explores the governance of protracted displacement across global, regional and domestic levels in the context of the project “Transnational Figurations of Displacement” (TRAFIG). The multiple contemporary crises that have led to forced displacement show not only the limits of a... more

Kea, P. (2020). Bridging the gaps: Governance of protracted displacement across global, regional and national levels (TRAFIG practice note 3). Bonn: BICC.

The current institutional and governance system of displacement has become much more complex with the inclusion of ever more actors. But it still leaves open multiple gaps of protection. To close these protection gaps and to more effectively address protracted displacement, it requires a better... more

Noack, M., Wagner, M., & Jacobs, C. (2020). Governing protracted displacement. What access to solutions for forcibly displaced people? (TRAFIG policy brief 1). Bonn: BICC.

The governance of displacement and access to protection are closely linked to solutions for displaced people that refer to both the capability of displaced persons to rebuild their lives after displacement and the opportunities available to do so. Current policies to address displacement follow the... more

Mutschler, M., & Wisotzki, S. (2019). Kommentar: Sind die überarbeiteten Politischen Grundsätze der Bundesregierung für den Export von Kriegswaffen und sonstigen Rüstungsgütern tatsächlich „restriktiver“?. Bonn: BICC.

On 26 June 2019, the German cabinet updated the "Political Principles for the Export of War Weapons and Other Military Equipment".  Max Mutschler (BICC) and Simone Wisotzki (HSFK) welcome “some minor progress in German arms exports policy”. At the same time, the authors fear in their... more

Etzold, B., Belloni, M., King, R., Kraler, A., & Pastore, F. (2019). Transnational Figurations of Displacement. Conceptualising protracted displacement and translocal connectivity through a process-oriented perspective (TRAFIG Working Paper 1/2019). Bonn: BICC.

Please find the Working Paper here. TRAFIG aims to contribute to the development of alternative solutions to protracted displacement that are tailored to the needs and capacities of displaced persons. This working paper contains our central concepts and key terms. We make use of the concept of... more

Döring, M., Schinke, B., Klawitter, J., Far, S., & Komendantova, N. (2018). Designing a conflict-sensitive and sustainable energy transition in the MENA region: Towards a multi-stakeholder dialogue on energy planning (MENA SELECT Working Paper). Bonn: BICC.

Energy transitions are more than just a process of replacing one type of electricity generation technology with another and eventually amending some market frameworks to support this switch economically. Energy transitions run deep in- to the fabric of social relations and require a... more

Komendantova, N., Ekenberg, L., Marashdeh, L., Al-Salaymeh, A., Danielson, M., & Linnerooth-Bayer, J. (2018). Policy Note: Energy for the future: Insights from the case study in Jordan (MENA SELECT Policy Note). Bonn: BICC.

The goal of this research was to understand the visions and views of different groups of stakeholders on different electricity-generation technologies currently considered in Jordan. A total of nine electricity-generation technologies  were evaluated (concentrated solar power, large-scale PV,... more

Meininghaus, E., & Kühn, M. (2018). Syria: Humanitarian access dilemmas (Welthungerhilfe Policy Brief October 2018). Berlin/Bonn: Welthungerhilfe.

Please find the Policy Brief here. A large-scale offensive by the Syrian regime and Russia on the governorate in North West Syria would have threatened the lives and livelihoods of close to 3 million persons. This Policy Brief by Dr. Esther Meininghaus (BICC) and Michael Kühn... more

Döring, M., Far, S., Marrouki, S., & Elgolli, R. (2018). Energy for the future – Evaluating different electricity-generation technologies against selected performance characteristics and stakeholder preferences: Insights from the case study Tunisia (MENA SELECT Working Paper). Bonn: BICC.

Tunisia faces the challenge of meeting its increasing energy demand while at the same time responding to urgent developmental challenges in the midst of socio-political transformations. Achieving societal support for its energy policies is vital to a successful energy transition to sustainability.... more

Komendantova, N., Ekenberg, L., Marashdeh, L., Al-Salaymeh, A., Danielson, M., & Linnerooth-Bayer, J. (2018). Energy for the future. Evaluating different electricity-generation technologies against selected performance characteristics and stakeholder preferences: Insights from the case study in Jordan (MENA SELECT Policy Paper). Bonn: BICC.

Energy transition towards a more significant share of domestically generated resources will inevitably lead to a societal transformation in Jordan, which will affect interests of existing and emerging electricity-generation industries and other stakeholders. To be sustainable, such a transition... more

Amroune, S., Blohm, M., Bohm, S., Far, S., & Zelt, O. (2018). Summary of workshop results: Scenario development and multi-criteria analysis for Tunisia’s future electricity system in 2050. Bonn: BICC.

Please find the project page here. Within the framework of the research project MiddleEast North Africa Sustainable Electricity Trajectories (MENASELECT), a two-day workshop was conducted in the Hotel Africa in Tunis, Tunisia on 19 and 20 October 2017. Stakeholder representatives from different... more

Nusrat, R. (2018). Strengthening the capacity of business to contribute to building peace in Afghanistan (International Alert Policy Brief May 2018). London: International Alert.

Please find the policy brief here. This policy brief provides recommendations for international donors on providing support to and investing in strengthening the capacities of medium-sized enterprises in Afghanistan and other fragile contexts. With various regional economic projects currently... more

Swatuk, L. (2018). Commentary \ Hello #WaterWars, bye bye #DayZero—Where have you gone ClimateChaos old friend?.
Bonn: BICC.

Larry Swatuk, Associate Researcher at BICC, comments on ongoing popular debates like #WaterWars, #DayZero. He argues for avoiding alarmism and hyperbole as tools of motivation for human action.  Instead, Swatuk reflects on the challenge to ensure adequate amounts and qualities of water for the... more

Jung, A. (2017). Innovation in reintegration programming: Which approaches can be relevant for South Sudan?. Bonn: BICC.

This Paper offers a comparative overview of innovation found (globally) specific to reintegration programming, and it reflects upon the utility of these innovative approaches in the socio-political context of South Sudan. It intends to facilitate discussion and development of a context-specific and... more

Acharya, N., & Krötz, M. (2017). Training report: Physical security and stockpile management (PSSM) orientation course. Khartoum, Sudan: BICC.

The Training Report documents the PSSM seminar on weapons management in Khartoum from 24 to 28 September 2017, organized by RECSA, SARCOM, BICC and German Cooperation. more

Grawert, E., Isikozlu, E., Murtaza Haqeeqat, M., & Shirzad, F. (2017). Conflict-sensitive employment framework (CSEF) for construction and transport companies. Bonn: BICC.

When companies operate in fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS), they encounter a range of particular problems. Many companies try to protect staff, premises and ­machinery by hiring security guards. Armed guards ­escort convoys of trucks. Expenditures for security ­measures can be quite... more

Etzold, B., Schimpl, H., Hamm, & Sonnack (2017). Dokumentation: "Lokale Konflikte um die Aufnahme und Unterbringung von Geflüchteten: Welchen Beitrag leisten Bürgerbeteiligung und Konfliktmediation vor Ort?". Bonn: BICC.

In many cities in Germany, there have been conflicts around the reception, housing and integration of refugees. Local actors responsible for the housing of refugees have used various strategies to encounter this challenge. On 17 February, municipal actors (mayors, representatives from the... more

Schinke, B., Klawitter, J., Döring, M., Komendantova, N., Irshaid, J., & Bayer, J. (2017). Electricity planning for sustainable development in the MENA region (Mena Select Working Paper). Bonn: BICC.

As electricity systems are not developed in isolation from society, but in a continuous interaction with social, economic, environmental, and political dimensions, this publication aims to develop a comprehensive database for the purpose of evaluating the complex trade-offs between different... more

Schinke, B., Klawitter, J., Döring, M., Komendantova, N., Irshaid, J., & Bayer, J. (2017). Description of electricity generation technologies.

This chapter describes the eight electricity generation technologies considered in this publication by illustrating the basic principles behind each form of electricity generation, the conventional sub-types for each technology, as well as their common application and specific technological... more

Meininghaus, E. (2016). Commentary \ The World Humanitarian Summit—Reform the system, but do not merge humanitarian and development aid. Bonn: BICC.

Esther Meininghaus, researcher at BICC, comments on the World Humanitarian Summit, 23-24 May 2016 in Istanbul. She underlines that “we need to act, and we need to act fast” but also addresses mayor shifts in aid funding and the crisis of the UN. Last but not least she argues that the separation of... more

Acharya, N., Wiegink, N., & Idriss, S. (2015). Civilian arms registration and marking handbook. Bonn: BICC.

In collaboration with Sudan's National Focal Point on Small Arms Control, BICC has published the Civilian Arms Registration and Marking Handbook, available in both English and Arabic. This Handbook is a guide on arms registration and marking (ARM) for practitioners, government officials, and... more

von Boemcken, M. (2015). Ertüchtigung als neue Strategie europäischer Sicherheitspolitik. Berlin: Bundesministerium für Verteidigung.

Reader Sicherheitspolitik, 11/2015, pdf In: Bundesministerium für Verteidigung. 2015. Der Reader Sicherheitspolitik - Transformation im 21. Jahrhundert more

Isikozlu, E. (2015). Commentary \ The seduction of simplicity: Popular claims following the Paris attacks. Bonn: BICC.

Elvan Isikozlu, researcher at BICC, comments on the aftermath of the Paris attacks. She argues that “the discourse following the attacks has been full of generalisations, oversimplifications and dichotomies, none of which help to better grasp who and what we in the West are dealing with.”She comes... more

Far, S., & Youngs, R. (2015). Energy union and EU global strategy: The undefined link (SIEPS Report series No. 5). Stockholm: Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies.

The European Energy Union is a political strategy aimed at ensuring communitarian energy transition, security of supply, a fully integrated European energy market and increased energy efficiency. However, the origin and content of the strategy is simultaneously well rooted in the EU’s external... more

Mielke, K., & Schetter, C. (2015). Commentary \ The case of Kunduz. Bonn: BICC.

In their commentary on the return of the Taliban to Kunduz, Katja Mielke and Conrad Schetter, researchers at BICC, call for a critical analysis of the Bundeswehr deployment to Afghanistan. “The question isn’t whether or not more soldiers ought to be deployed to Afghanistan, but rather what has been... more

Licata, A. (2015). Commentary \ "Military barracks for profit? A critical reflection on conversion in Italy". Bonn: BICC.

Dr Andrea Licata, political scientist from Italy and Associate Researcher of BICC, comments on the Italian politics of base conversion. His criticism of only state budget driven approaches to bases closures is that they “disregard the potential of former military sites at the local level” and “deny... more

Schetter, C. (2015). Commentary \ „Der Gipfel globaler Verantwortung(slosigkeit): Ein Plädoyer für Nachhaltigkeit anstelle militärischer Aufrüstung“. Bonn: BICC.

Conrad Schetter, Director for Research at BICC, maintains that the German government has a duty to implement its plea for a new responsibility at the upcoming G7 summit. "The G7 are well advised to discuss a way to a more peaceful and just world rather than about increased military armament,... more

Swatuk, L. (2015). Commentary \ "Water woes but not water wars: Getting beyond fatalism". Bonn: BICC.

Professor Larry Swatuk, University of Waterloo, Canada, is an expert on environmental security and natural resources governance. Commenting on the water crisis in California he argues: “In my view, this prolonged drought challenges not only Californians but every one of us to reconsider the ends to... more

Faltas, S. (2015). Report on the work of the arms registration and marking (ARM) program and on community security and arms control (CSAC) in West Darfur (in Arabic). Bonn: BICC.

In the “Report on the Work of the Arms Registration and Marking (ARM) Program and on Community Security and Arms Control (CSAC) in West Darfur (in Arabic)" Dr Sami Faltas presents the results of his field research in West Darfur, Sudan. The study was assigned by BICC and the Sudan DDR... more

Faltas, S. (2014). Report on the work of the arms registration and marking (ARM) program and on community security and arms control (CSAC) in West Darfur. Bonn: BICC.

In the “Report on the Work of the Arms Registration and Marking (ARM) Program and on Community Security and Arms Control (CSAC) in West Darfur” Dr Sami Faltas presents the results of his field research in West Darfur, Sudan. The study was assigned by BICC and the Sudan DDR Commission (SDDRC). The... more

von Boemcken, M. (2014). Commentary \ Die deutsche Rüstungsindustrie braucht eine Diät! Bonn: BICC.

Dr. Marc von Boemcken comments on a possible new orientation in German arms export policy, initiated by Sigmar Gabriel, Germany’s Federal Minister for Economic Affairs. There is reason to hope that at least the export of land-based weapons systems to states that systematically violate human rights... more

Kaitinnis, A. (2014). Auswärtige Kultur-und Bildungspolitik in Staaten im Umbruch am Beispiel Myanmars. Stuttgart/Berlin: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa).

In the study “Auswärtige Kultur-und Bildungspolitik in Staaten im Umbruch am Beispiel Myanmars”, Anna Kaitinnis, visiting researcher at BICC in 2013, looks at the complicated process of democratization of Myanmar under its military dictatorship and the role German foreign cultural and education... more

Guesnet, L., Müller-Koné, M., & Zeil, M. (Eds.). (2014). Compensation matters. Securing community interests in large-scale investments. Berlin/Bonn: Brot für die Welt/BICC.

The study “Compensation Matters Securing community interests in large-scale investments” provides analyses of contentious issues in compensation matters such as power relations in negotiations, entitlements for compensation and types of compensation. Furthermore, it offers practitioners tools and... more

Schetter, C. (2014). Commentary \ The new German foreign policy: Responsibility and interests. Bonn: BICC.

Only rarely does one experience such a unanimous and clear commitment to a new direction Germany’s foreign policy is taking as at the security conference late January in Munich. In unison, Federal President Joachim Gauck, Foreign Minister Walter Steinmeier and Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen... more

Bonn International Center for Conversion (2013). Impact assessment of the reintegration component. Bonn: BICC.

The new Demobilisation, Disarmament and Reintegration Programme (NDDRP) in the Republic of South Sudan was launched by the National Demobilisation, Disarmament and Reintegration Commission (NDDRC) on behalf of the South Sudanese government in 2012. A pilot program started in April 2013 and is due... more

Grebe, J., & Roßner, S. (2013). Parlamentarische Kontrolle und Transparenz von Rüstungsexporten. Bonn: BICC.

A new study commissioned by the German church aid organizations MISEREOR and Brot für die Welt calls for more involvement of the Bundestag in and improved oversight mechanisms for arms exports. The study „Parlamentarische Kontrolle und Transparenz von Rüstungsexporten“ (in German) by the Bonn... more

Grebe, J. (2013). Harmonized EU arms exports policies in times of austerity? Adherence to the criteria of the EU common position on arms exports. Bonn: BICC.

The study analyzes the current trends on the international arms market and the role EU Member States play as well as the adherence to the Criteria of the EU Common Position. It also takes a closer look at the effects of austerity measures on the European defense industry and the shift towards... more

van de Vondervoort, L., Deng, D., & Mertenskoetter, P. (2013). Establishing a mining sector in postwar South Sudan. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace.

This report is based on research conducted in Juba, Torit, and Kapoeta during August and September 2012. The research provides an initial examination on the underdocumented issue of mining in South Sudan and seeks to provide the government of South Sudan with evidence-based... more

Kahl, M. (2013). Starter guide towards strong arms and ammunition management practices. Bonn: BICC.

This Guide addresses countries that wish to start improving their approaches to and practices of arms and ammunition management and are at relatively early stages of improvement. The current version of the Starter Guide will be developed further this year. The “Starter Guide towards strong Arms... more

Dockter, H., Pansieri, F., Cremers, A., Lodgaard, S., Waegele, W., Dedek, M., Lopes, C., & Croll, P. (2012). Festschrift: Farewell to Peter J. Croll Bonn: BICC.

On 3 May the Farewell Celebration of BICC Director Peter Croll took place in Museum Koenig, Bonn. The Festschrift documents the speeches held on the event. Among the speakers was Helmut Dockter, State Secretary at the Ministry of Innovation, Science and Research of the Land of North... more

Croll, P. (2012). Participation of diaspora In peacebuilding and development.

E-Discussion Report Participation of Diaspora In Peacebuilding and Development Stabilization & Peacebuilding Community of Practice, September 9th – October 24th 2011    more

Schetter, C., & Prinz, J. (2012). Counterinsurgency, anthropology, retreat – The US military's COIN ‘Strategy’ in Afghanistan. Orient 53 (2), 24-34.

The COIN strategy of the US Military was conceived as a response to the lack of strategy in the intervention in Afghanistan. An analysis of the core elements and a presentation of the major political connections of the intervention suggest that on this basis they cannot provide an answer for the... more

Grebe, J. (2012). BICC’s Global Militarization Index (GMI) 2012: Factsheet.

Update of the Global Militarization Index (GMI) of BICC 2012 more

Croll, P., & Vollmer, R. (2011). Kompetenzzentrum Diaspora.

Lecture on behalf of the Stuttgart expert meeting on migrants in human rights activities (9 December 2011). more

Isikozlu, E. (2011). Kriegsvergewaltigung. Eine Typologie. W&F, Wissenschaft und Frieden – Dossier 67.

“Wartime rape-A Typology” aims at developing a typology of wartime rape as a first step toward understanding the different consequences of this form of violence in war. This typology is based on the examination of wartime rape in Bosnia and Herzegovina and El Salvador as well on a review of the... more

Heinke, S. (Ed.). (2010). Peace on earth? Initiatives for disarmament, non-violence and dialogue.

Documentation of the international Symposium “Peace on earth? Initiatives for disarmament, non-violence and dialogue” in Bonn, discussing the topics: On the way to Global Zero nuclear armament—Where are we now?Ethnic conflicts—Solutions from theory and practical experienceVictims of war—A... more

Warnecke, A., Tänzler, D., & Vollmer, R. (2010). Climate change, migration and conflict: Receiving communities under pressure?.

This paper analyzes the likely intersections between climate change, migration and conflict. The paper identifies some of the most relevant factors that might turn environmentally induced migration into a source of conflict and hold major implications for receiving areas. more

Wirkus, L., & Warner, K. (2009). Evidence of the impacts of climate change on human security in Africa, with reference to migration and water-related conflict.

Paper presented at the International Conference on Climate Change, Social Stress and Violent Conflict, Hamburg 19–20 November 2009. more

Vollmer, R., Ardakanian, R., Hare, M., Leentvaar, J., van der Schaaf, C., & Wirkus, L. (2009). Institutional capacity development in transboundary water management.

Institutional Capacity Development in Transboundary Water Management. The United Nations World Water Assessment Programme, Side Publication Series “Insights”. UNESCO, Paris. more

(2008). SSANSA update 1.

Newsletter of the South Sudan Action Network on Small Arms (SSANSA) more

von Boemcken, M. (2008). Sicherheit als Wirtschaftsfaktor: Eine kritische Reflexion.

Paper presented at the conference: Privatisierung im Sicherheitssektor. Neue sicherheitspolitische Risiken – Neue Synergien, Bundesakademie für Sicherheitspolitik (BakS), Potsdam, 20–21 February. more

Ashkenazi, M., Isikozlu, E., & Radeke, H. (2008). SALW control training manual for West Africa.

The purpose of this manual is to help strengthen the capacity of the West African community  to deal with the devastating consequences of the uncontrolled proliferation of small arms  and light weapons (SALW). It is intended as a primer for those with little or no experience in SALW... more

(2007). SALW control training manual for West Africa.

The purpose of this Manual is to help strengthen the capacity of the West African community to deal with the devastating consequences of the uncontrolled proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW). It is intended as a primer for those with little or no experience in SALW action, and as an... more

Croll, P., Debiel, T., & Klingebiel, S. (2007). Plädoyer für eine integrative deutsche Sicherheitsstrategie. Warum die Bundesregierung sich im europäischen Kontext mit zivilen Akzenten in der Sicherheitsstrategie stärker profilieren sollte.

Plea for an integrative German security strategy. Why the German federal government should become more visible in the European context emphasizing the civil component with regard to the security strategy. more

Heller, R. (2006). Zur Konsistenz der EU-Zentralasienpolitik im Lichte von Konfliktprävention und dem diesbezüglichen Potenzial grenzüberschreitender Kooperation.

This paper is to investigate in how far the EU Central Asia Strategy, while particularly taking into account the nexus between development and security, is consistent with the requirements of conflict prevention. Which links do already existing variants of cross-border cooperation in the region... more

Maras, I. (2006). Säulenübergreifende Zusammenarbeit von Rat und Kommission der Europäischen Union zur Unterstützung von Reformen im Bereich der Sicherheitssektorreform.

This paper intends to discuss the question of congruence and matching European Council and Commission SSR measures with respect to European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) SSR missions. Main objectives are firstly to identify deficits regarding the connection between ESDP SSR missions with... more

Ashkenazi, M., Isikozlu, E., Rush, P., Farha, J., & Radeke, H. (2006). Services, return, and security in four countries in Southern Sudan.

BICC was commissioned to undertake a study on issues relating to Return and Reintegration (RR) of actors displaced by the fighting in Sudan and to provide action-oriented data on issues relating to RR as a basis for suggestions to improve the RR program in Southern Sudan. Data from the study was... more

Ashkenazi, M., Beeck, C., & Isikozlu, E. (2006). Marking and tracing small arms and light weapons.

This training module is intended for national, regional and international government officials, legislators, administrators and other stakeholders involved in SALW control, and therefore already have a general understanding of SALW issues. However, it is anticipated that these participants will have... more

Isikozlu, E., & Stone, L. (Eds.). (2006). Communities safe from small arms in Southern Sudan. A handbook for civil society.

By reading this booklet you are taking an interest in creating a community safe from small arms. Small arms and light weapons (SALW) are a great threat to communities all over the world. Be it a large war or a village argument, the presence of SALW will make the situation worse and lead to more... more

Burghardt, D., & Pietz, T. (2006). Handreichung Themenbereiche und Konfliktfelder zivil-militärischer Beziehungen.

The interplay between military, humanitarian and development policy actors in war and post-war situation is currently subject of lively discussions. To enable the interested public to gain an insight into the issue, the following compilation offers a brief overview over six selected topics, which... more

Küchle, H. (2006). The cost of non-Europe in the area of security and defense. Study for the European Parliament.

Despite manifold efforts both on the demand and on the supply side, there is still no integrated European defence market. Even though hardly any European state is still able to afford to finance and sustain a full spectrum of defence-technological and -industrial capabilities, there are strict... more

SEESAC (Ed.). (2006). SALW survey of Croatia.

This report is a SALW Survey of the Republic of Croatia. It was conducted between January and June 2006 in accordance with a set of guidelines developed by the South Eastern and Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of SALW (SEESAC), in co-operation with a non-governmental research... more

Muggah, R. (Ed.). (2005). No refuge. The crisis of refugee militarization in Africa.

The militarization of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), especially in Africa, is causing growing alarm within the humanitarian and development commonities. The planned and spontaneous arming of refugees and IDPs threatens access to asylum as well as protection. But while the policy... more

(2005). People safe from guns in South Sudan. A training manual for local stakeholders.

This booklet explains the main issues of SALW. As small arms affect many different areas of life, the range of topics that are explored here are also varied. There are notes on practical issues of identifying SALW and their control, collection and destruction. Information about what you can do to... more

Wulf, H. (2004). Internationalizing and privatizing war and peace: The bumpy ride to peace building.

In this timely work, the author analyzes the use of private military firms and international interventions of the military. Outsourcing to the private sector takes missions away from the military, but the shift towards international intervention adds new, wider functions to the traditional role of... more

(2004). 10 Years BICC.

Speeches on the occasion of the festive celebration of BICC’s 10th anniversary at the Haus der Geschichte in Bonn, 2 April 2004 held by• Johannes Rau, Federal President of Germany• Hannelore Kraft, State Minister for Science and Research, North Rhine-Westphalia• Bärbel Dieckmann, Mayoress of the... more

Paes, W.-C., Risser, H., Stoneman, S., & Grillot, S. (2004). A fragile peace: Guns and security in post-conflict Macedonia (Small Arms Survey, Special Report 4).

This study provides an assessment of small arms availability, distribution, circulation, impact and control in the Republic of Macedonia. Since the close of the crisis in the fall of 2001, the country has continued to struggle with tensions between ethnic Albanians and Macedonians, a depressed... more

Chrobok, V., & Faltas, S. (2003). Disposal of surplus small arms: A survey of policies and practices in OSCE countries.

Recent efforts by the OSCE in developing their ‘Best Practice Guides’, and SEESAC in the development of Regional Micro-Disarmament Standards (RMDS), now means that national governments and international organisations have both strategic guidelines and operational procedures available to them for... more

Brzoska, M. (2003). Development donors and the concept of security sector reform (DCAF Occasional Papers 4).

This paper aims to clarify some of the aspects of the discussion on security sectorreform, its origins, strengths and weaknesses. The emphasis is on the concept of security sector reform, the ideas behind it, and its links to other discourses. Security sector reform has its roots in the development... more

Anthony, I., Melnyk, O., & Bailes, A. (2003). Relics of Cold War - Europe’s challenge, Ukraine’s experience (SIPRI Policy Paper 6).

Not every weapon system, soldier or piece of military real estate left from the cold war is dysfunctional or useless today: but bad planning, neglect, ignorance and lack of resources have left Europe burdened with large relict capacities suited neither to the spirit nor the practical needs of the... more

Paes, W.-C., Risser, H., Matveeva, A., & Hiscock, D. (2003). Macedonia: Guns, policing and ethnic division (Report Saferworld III).

The report seeks to explore the prospects for weapons collection programmes and the introduction of effective gun control measures in the current security environment in Macedonia.With the government weapons amnesty due to start on 1 November 2003, the report takes a timely look at its chances for... more

Faltas, S., & Paes, W.-C. (2003). 'You have removed the devil from our door'. An assessment of the UNDP small arms and light weapons control (SALWC) project in Albania.

The Small Arms and Light Weapons Control (SALWC) project was undertaken in 2002-2003 by UNDP in co-operation with the Albanian government, at a programme cost to the international community of US$ 3.4 million. Its objectives were to help remove illegally held weapons and explosives from the... more

Paes, W.-C., & Matveeva, A. (2003). The Kosovo Serbs: An ethnic minority between collaboration and defiance (Report Saferworld II).

Based on field research and consultation conducted over the course of 2002 and early 2003, this research report aims to fill a gap in the existing literature on the region by focusing on the situation of the Serbs in Kosovo since the international intervention began in 1999. It is hoped that it... more

Hodes, M., Dorn, W., & King, J. (2002). An unprecedented experiment: Security sector reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Report Saferworld I).

Seeking to remedy this fundamental flaw in security sector reform, nearly seven years since the signing of the Dayton Accords, the international community is now intensifying its engagement to streamline security institutions and reduce personnel numbers to affordable levels. Thus far, public... more

Paes, W.-C. (2002). Kleinwaffen - Eine Bedrohung für die "dritte Welt".

By citing four countries as examples, this brochure provides information about the small arms issue and its effects and illustrates scope for and targets of political lobbying on the national and international level. It also refers to the comments of the expert group of the Joint Conference Church... more

Kingma, K. (2001). Demobilisation and reintegration of ex-combatants in post-war and transition countries. Trends and challenges of external support (GTZ study: DD&R).

The aim of this paper is to provide a general picture of recent demobilisations worldwide and to indicate the countries in which assistance might be required and/or requested for the demobilisation and reintegration of ex-combattants in the foreseeable future and what form this might take. more

Paes, W.-C., & Faltas, S. (2000). The problem of small arms in developing countries.

The current international debate and recommendations for Development Cooperation, in particular Technical Cooperation more

Brzoska, M. (2000). Design and implementation of arms embargoes and travel and aviation related sanctions - Results of the 'Bonn-Berlin Process'.

This booklet sets out model Security council resolutions. It also includes a commentary compilde by government experts, members of the academic community, non-governmental organizations and other independent specialists. more

(2000). BICC’s work on small arms: An overview.

Recycled from earlier conflicts or newly imported, small arms are tools of power and violence which can cause social strife to turn into far more destructive conflict. Most of the work of the Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) is connected to small arms in some way or other, but BICC... more

Ministerium für Wirtschaft und Mittelstand, Energie und Verkehr des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (Ed.). (2000). Zehn Jahre Truppenabzug und Konversion in Nordrhein-Westfalen Bilanz und Perspektiven (Konversionsbericht IV).

This Conversion Report IV follows up its predecessor from the year 1997: In its introduction, it describes the current situation of troop reduction and base conversion in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and sketches the short-to medium term developments to be expected. In this, especially the results... more

Wulf, H. (2000). Security-sector reform in developing Countries. An analysis of the international debate and potentials for implementing reforms with recommendations for technical cooperation.

The present paper emphasises the breadth of the approach to security-sector reform, pointing out that there is still no generally acknowledged and accepted strategy (see chapter 2.1 and chapter 2.2 in this connection). The analysis focuses on addressing the potentials (and constraints) for external... more

Kingma, K. (1999). Demobilization in Sub-Saharan Africa: The development and security impacts. Military industrial conversion, special issue of the International Regional Science Review (IRSR), vol.23, no.1.

In the early and mid-1990s, several African countries demobilized part of their armed forces. This book analyses, in the light of Africa's large development challenges and continuing wars and insecurity, the questions: to what extent and how demobilizations have contributed to peace and human... more

de Soysa, I., Mouhleb, N., Smit, S., Lindgren, G., Gleditsch, N., & International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) (Eds.). (1999). Making peace pay - A bibliography on disarmament & conversion (The New War/ Peace Bibliography Series 3).

This bibliography is a collaborative project between International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO), Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) and Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (COPRI). A publication from COST A10 Defence Restructuring and Conversion Publication more

Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Energy (Ed.). (1997). Study on the re-use of former military lands Bonn: Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Energy.

Germany and the United States are currently conducting a NATO-CCMS pilot study on the "Re-use of Contaminated Former Military Lands". Phase I of this study has been completed, and logistical issues as well as scientific and technological concerns have been evaluated. Phase II of the study... more

(1996). Truppenabbau und Konversion in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Handbuch für Kommunen.

Handbook for communitiesThe handbook has not been updated since July 2000; therefore most of the information provided is obsolete or no longer valid! more

Ministerium für Wirtschaft und Mittelstand, Energie und Verkehr des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (Ed.). (1996). Sieben Jahre Truppenabbau und Konversion in Nordrhein-Westfalen (Konversionsbericht III).

The main part of the Conversion Report III—seven years troop reduction and conversion in North Rhine-Westphalia consists of a detailed description of eleven exemplary conversion projects in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW). What is so special about this? Besides the financial support und advice from... more