Natural resources, such as oil, gas, timber and minerals, have played an important role in armed conflict in about a dozen wars and armed conflicts over the past years. Natural resource deposits alone do not however necessarily result in a 'resource curse'. Whether or not there is such a resource curse seems to depend, in particular, on to what degree the wealth created by the revenues from the exploitation of natural resources is distributed justly and democratically. The "Fatal Transactions" campaign, supported by the EU, is an initiative by BICC, together with NIZA (Netherlands Institute for Southern Africa), Pax Christi Netherlands, and IPIS (International Peace Information Service, Belgium). Its goals are to raise and to create public awareness for these problems.