Search

[Publication] Water, development and cooperation — Comparative perspective: Euphrates-Tigris and Southern Africa

• From 1–2 March 2004, the Center for Development Research (ZEF) and the Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) hosted an International Expert Workshop on “Water, Development and Cooperation – Comparative Perspective: Euphrates-Tigris and Southern Africa” in Bonn, Germany. Experts from the Euphrates-Tigris region (Turkey, Syria), Southern Africa (Namibia, Zimbabwe, Republic of South Africa, Botswana) as well as from European countries and the United States discussed issues of...

[Publication] Global Militarisation Index 2021

• Every year, BICC’s Global Militarisation Index (GMI) maps the relative weight and importance of a country’s military apparatus in relation to its society as a whole. The GMI 2021 is an anniversary edition. Its first part reflects, as usual, current developments and trends based on the latest available data. It covers 153 countries and is based on the latest available figures (in most cases, data for 2020). The ten countries with the highest levels of militarisation in the GMI 2021 are Israel, Om...

[Publication] Global Militarisation Index 2021

• Every year, BICC’s Global Militarisation Index (GMI) maps the relative weight and importance of a country’s military apparatus in relation to its society as a whole. The GMI 2021 is an anniversary edition. Its first part reflects, as usual, current developments and trends based on the latest available data. It covers 153 countries and is based on the latest available figures (in most cases, data for 2020). The ten countries with the highest levels of militarisation in the GMI 2021 are Israel, Om...

[Publication] Global Militarisation Index 2021

• Every year, bicc’s Global Militarisation Index (GMI) maps the relative weight and importance of a country’s military apparatus in relation to its society as a whole. The GMI 2021 is an anniversary edition. Its first part reflects, as usual, current developments and trends based on the latest available data. It covers 153 countries and is based on the latest available figures (in most cases, data for 2020). The ten countries with the highest levels of militarisation in the GMI 2021 are Israel, Om...

[PDF Document] brief33.pdf   (813.78 KB)

[Press] GMI 2021 \ Militarisation increases worldwide—Despite adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy

• Even though the pandemic had a strong impact on the gross domestic product in some countries, militarisation increased in the majority of countries worldwide and across Europe compared to the previous year. This is the outcome of the Global Militarisation Index (GMI) 2021 issued by BICC (Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies), which annually depicts the relative weight and importance of the military apparatus of one country in relation to its society as a whole. In its ‘anniversary edit...
• Friday, 21 January 2022: The ten counties with the highest levels of militarisation in the GMI 2021 are Israel, Oman, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Armenia, Saudi Arabia, Brunei, Bahrain, Singapore and Russia. These countries allocate particularly large amounts of resources to the military in comparison to other areas of society.“The GMI 2021 allows for an even more accurate assessment of dynamics in militarisation than before, as for the first time, it not only indicates the ranking in the Index but also the change in the GMI va...

[PDF Document] brief38.pdf   (1.52 MB)

[Staff] Prof. Dr. Larry Swatuk

• Associate Researcher
• Larry Swatuk obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science at the University of Windsor (1978–82, Hons). He continued with a Master’s degree in Political Science and International Relations at the University of Windsor (1983–85). He obtained his PhD in Political Science and International Relations from Dalhousie University (1986–93).Larry Swatuk’s involvement with environmental security goes back to the early 1990s, when he pursued a post-doctoral research project based on T. Homer-Dixon’s ...

[Staff] Prof. Dr. Larry Swatuk

• Associate Researcher
• Larry Swatuk obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science at the University of Windsor (1978–82, Hons). He continued with a Master’s degree in Political Science and International Relations at the University of Windsor (1983–85). He obtained his PhD in Political Science and International Relations from Dalhousie University (1986–93).Larry Swatuk’s involvement with environmental security goes back to the early 1990s, when he pursued a post-doctoral research project based on T. Homer-Dixon’s ...

[Staff] Prof. Dr. Larry Swatuk

• Associate Researcher
• Larry Swatuk obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science at the University of Windsor (1978–82, Hons). He continued with a Master’s degree in Political Science and International Relations at the University of Windsor (1983–85). He obtained his PhD in Political Science and International Relations from Dalhousie University (1986–93).Larry Swatuk’s involvement with environmental security goes back to the early 1990s, when he pursued a post-doctoral research project based on T. Homer-Dixon’s ...